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• W87992807 abstract "Abstract Objective: To investigate the cerebral hemispheric representation of Chinese subjects employing functional magnetic resonance imaging during verbal fluency tasks. Patients and Methods: Healthy subjects were presented stimuli of the word categories animals, fruit, occupations. Each had to respond by saying aloud in Chinese any item which belonged to the category. Subjects' speech responses were recorded during functional magnetic resonance imaging. The blood oxygen level-dependent response was averaged and data analysed using statistical parametric mapping. Results: Verbal fluency tasks spoken in Chinese were associated with bilateral fronto-temporal lobe activation. Conclusion: These results provide preliminary support for bilateral cerebral hemispheric Representation of Chinese speech. Key words: Brain mapping, Chinese, Language, Magnetic resonance imaging, functional Introduction The concept of left cerebral hemisphere dominance for language from a young age is well established. (1,2) Much of the evidence for left cerebral hemisphere dominance for language is derived from experiments using alphabetic languages. Whether the concept can be regarded as universal can be tested by reference to non-alphabetic language systems, such as Chinese. Chinese is a logographic language system, composed of characters or strokes positioned within a square. Neuro-imaging experiments using Chinese language have traditionally employed silent reading tasks. These have shown left inferio-frontal and left middle frontal activation when Chinese characters (3-5) and sentences (6) were read but additional right inferior occipital gyrus activation during visuo-spatial analysis of Chinese characters. (7) A study conducted by Tan et al suggests that reading aloud in Chinese is associated with strong bilateral cerebral activation. (8) Since reading aloud requires the effective integration of speech and hearing, it is likely that a more widely distributed or bilaterally represented function is needed for Chinese speech. To investigate this further, the authors selected the verbal fluency (VF) task. (9,10) In alphabetic languages, VF is known to be associated with strong left cerebral hemisphere activation, activating brain regions which control executive function and semantic processing--the left prefrontal cortex, left superior temporal cortex, and left cingulate cortex. (11-13) Thus, if a Chinese VF task activated both hemispheres it would provide convincing evidence that the brain representation of executive and semantic processing for Chinese is bilateral. This is a novel and empirical approach since to our knowledge, no previous study has used VF to investigate cerebral lateralisation for Chinese speech. Patients and Methods Subjects Ten healthy Chinese volunteers were recruited from the community. All spoke Chinese as their first language. None had a history of neurological disease, alcohol or substance use, electroconvulsive therapy, head injury or loss of consciousness, or attendance at a special school. None had any history of ferromagnetic material in situ. All ten had normal hearing. Myopic subjects used plastic and titanium goggles to rectify visual acuity during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All gave written informed consent to participate after a full description of the study was provided. Participants were reimbursed for travel expenses only. Approval for the study was obtained from the Queen Mary Hospital Ethics Committee. Clinical Assessments On the day of the MRI scan, each subject was assessed by a trained rater using a sociodemographic interview, the Information and Digit Span subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Manual (14) (Cantonese version, Hong Kong Psychological Society 1989), for handedness, (15) and using the Mini-Mental State Examination. (16) Subjects generated normal scores on VF task, (9) previously validated in Chinese adults. …" @default.
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• W87992807 date "2005-09-01" @default.
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• W87992807 title "Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Bilateral Brain Activation in Chinese Speech" @default.
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