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- W880680016 abstract "THE SPEAKER OF EMILY DICKINSON'S MY LIFE HAD STOOD-A LOADED GUN Edith Wylder Edith Wylder (B.A., University of Akron; U.A. and Ph.D., University of New Mexico) has taught at the University of New Mexico and Colorado State University and is now an assistant professor of English at Bemidfi State College . Her article Emily Dickinson: Poetry and Punctuation appeared in the Saturday Review in 1963. A book, The Voice of the Poet: The Rhetorical Punctuation of the Emily Dickinson Manuscripts, will be published by the University of New Mexico Press in the spring of 1969. In Poetry and the Age, Randall Jarrell refers to Emily Dickinson as a great 19th-century American poet who is today thoroughly read, and well though undifferentiatingly loved. Then he adds, after a few decades or centuries almost everybody will be able to see through Dickinson to her poems.1 As we come closer to the actual text of her work, we come closer to the time Jarrell had hoped for, but there are still too many Dickinson scholars who cannot resist the temptation to read the riddle of the poet's personal life into or out of her poems. This temptation is particularly manifest in the fallacy of equating the speaker of the poem with the person of the poet. As Dickinson herself once warned in a letter to Higginson in 1862, When I state myself, as the Representative of the Verse—it does not mean— me—but a supposed person.2 There are a number of supposed persons who speak from behind the lines of Emily Dickinson's poems, and though most of them, to be sure, are women, their masks are many and varied. Sometimes the speaker will be a man, as in the poem about the snake—A narrow Fellow in the Grass— where the narrator refers to when a Boy, and Barefoot— (Poem #986)3; or the voice may be a child's, as it is a young girl who speaks in I started Early—Took my Dog —/ And visited the Sea (#520), or as it is a boy who says, There's been a Death, in the Opposite House (#389). Occasionally, there will be more than one speaker. Lionel Trilling hears two voices in the poem about the ancient battle of Thermopolae ( 'Go tell it' — What a Message [#1554]), one very definitely feminine and modern; the other that of the historic men of Thermopolae in answer.4 Sometimes the speaker may not be a person at all, as I hope to show in the poem about the Loaded Gun (#754), where the speaker's identity becomes the key to the poem's meaning. Until we know who or what the speaker is who compares his life to a loaded gun, we cannot possibly understand what he says. Interpretations of the poem so far, I think, have gone wide of its meaning because they have incorrectly identified the speaker as a feminine who. The Harvard version of the poem reads: !Randall Jarrell, Poetry and the Age (New York, 1959), p. 101. 2Thomas Johnson, ed., The Letters of Emily Dickinson, ? (Cambridge, 1965), p. 412. 3Thomas Johnson, ed., The Poems of Emily Dickinson (Cambridge, 1958). 4ThP Experience of Literature ( New York, 1967), p. 918. 4 RMMLA BulletinMarch 1969 My Life had stood — a Loaded Gun — In Comers — till a Day The Owner passed — identified — And carried Me away — And now We roam in Sovreign Woods — And now We hunt the Doe — And every time I speak for Him — The Mountains straight reply — And do I smile, such cordial light Upon the Valley glow — It is as a Vesuvian face Had let it's pleasure through — And when at Night — Our good Day done — I guard My Master's Head — Tis better than the Eider-Duck's Deep Pillow — to have shared — To foe of His — I'm deadly foe — None stir the second time — On whom I lay a Yellow Eye — Or an emphatic Thumb — Though I than He — may longer live He longer must — than I — For I have but the power to kill, Without — the power to die — 5. [in] the - 18. [stir] harm 16. [deep..." @default.
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- W880680016 date "1969-01-01" @default.
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- W880680016 title "The Speaker of Emily Dickinson's My Life Had Stood — a Loaded Gun" @default.
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- W880680016 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/rmr.1969.0012" @default.
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