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- W884793328 abstract "This chapter reviews the pathophysiology of cholera, focusing on the most common and important complication, dehydration; describes the clinical features of patients with cholera; and outlines treatment for patients with this disease. The major effects of V. cholerae O1 infection are to increase active chloride and bicarbonate secretion into the intestinal lumen by crypt cells and to decrease villous absorption of sodium chloride. The majority of children with cholera and hypoglycemia have neither frank marasmus nor kwashiorkor and resemble other cholera patients in their general clinical features. Severe dehydration produces such distinctive and pronounced features that cholera is one of the few diseases in adults that can be accurately diagnosed at first sight. The major laboratory abnormalities in patients with cholera are alterations in the concentration of serum electrolytes and creatinine and the effects of hemoconcentration on other blood constituents. Although replacement of fluid lost in cholera stool remains the crucial element of treatment of cholera patients, antimicrobial therapy is an important adjunctive therapy, especially in patients with high purging rates. Antimicrobial therapy of cholera is complicated by the marked increase in multiply antibiotic-resistant strains during the last 20 years. Currently in Bangladesh, more than 90% of V. cholerae O1 isolates are resistant to tetracycline, ampicillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. When epidemics occur in rural areas, it is often necessary to establish temporary cholera treatment centers. The supplies required for such temporary facilities are quite straightforward, and the costs not great." @default.
- W884793328 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W884793328 creator A5064035779 @default.
- W884793328 date "2014-04-08" @default.
- W884793328 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
- W884793328 title "Cholera: Pathophysiology, Clinical Features, and Treatment" @default.
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