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• W892189355 abstract "Defending the Dualism of the Practical Reason Against Parfit’s Taming Gianfranco Pellegrino, Luiss “Guido Carli” University of Rome yorick612@gmail.com September 2008 Very early draft. Please, do not quote without permission Abstract Famously, Sidgwick claimed that practical reason is divided, since the contradictory demands of two competing principles, Rational Egoism and Rational Benevolence, seem equally compelling. John Skorupski (in “Three Methods and a Dualism”) argued that there are no competing standards of pure practical reason. Recently, Derek Parfit (in Chapter 2 of his unpublished manuscript Climbing the Mountain) tamed Sidgwick’s dualism of practical reason by regarding it as the idea that in certain cases one might have a sufficient reason either to promote one’s own good or to promote impartially the good. This paper reacts to these views. First, Parfit’s account is assessed. The main conclusion defended is that Parfit’s alleged improvement of Sidgwick’s dualism is not dualist at all, and therefore misrepresents the original dualism. Second, the plausibility of a competition between the demands of impartiality and the ideal of prudence within a welfarist framework is defended, against Skorupski’s contentions. The main argument here relies on a challenge to the idea that the boundaries and the content of pure practical reason can be precisely determined. 1. The morals of the Dualism of the Practical reason Sidgwick concluded his great book The Methods of Ethics in a dramatic tone. Practical reason, he announced, is divided between the irreconcilable demands of two competing and over-encompassing kinds of reasons, self-interested reasons (voiced in the self-evident axioms of Prudence) and impartial ones (expressed in the self- evident axiom of Benevolence): even if a man admits the self-evidence of the principle of Rational Benevolence, he may still hold that his own happiness is an end which it is irrational for him to sacrifice to any other; [...] therefore a harmony between the maxim of Prudence and the maxim of Rational Benevolence must be somehow demonstrated, if morality is to be made completely" @default.
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• W892189355 date "2008-09-11" @default.
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• W892189355 title "Defending the Dualism of the Practical Reason Against Parfit’s" @default.
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