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- W89582803 abstract "The Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger is a plasma-membrane protein that binds and transports Na + and Ca 2+ ions in opposite direction across the membrane. The exchanger is reversible, and the direction in which it moves Ca 2+ depends upon the relative gradients of Na + and Ca 2+ across the membrane, the membrane potential, and the number of ions that bind and are transported. Under normal physiological conditions, in eukaryotic cells, the Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger extrudes Ca 2+ from the cytoplasm, and, thus, participates in Ca 2+ homeostasis, particularly in heart, brain, and kidney. The Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger is encoded by a family of structurally and functionally related gene products that have distinct patterns of expression in different tissues. Two major branches to the family are present in mammals, one that encodes Na + /Ca 2+ exchangers which transport Na + ions in exchange for only Ca 2+ ion (NCX) and the other in which Na + ions are exchanged for both Ca 2+ and K + (NCKX). The NCX branch has three known members, NCX1 ( SLC8A1 ) through NCX3 ( SLC8A3 ), while the NCKX branch has five known members, NCKX1 ( SLC24A1 ) through NCKX5 ( SLC24A5 ). Only NCX1 and NCKX1 proteins have been studied extensively in their endogenous environment (cardiac myocytes and retinal rod photoreceptor outer segments, respectively). The remaining members of the family have been defined through cloning or bioinformatic and genetic tools, and the distinct contributions they each make to cellular Ca 2+ homeostasis is only beginning to emerge." @default.
- W89582803 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W89582803 date "2013-01-01" @default.
- W89582803 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W89582803 title "Membrane Transporters: Na+/Ca2+ Exchangers" @default.
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- W89582803 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-378630-2.00132-8" @default.
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