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• W905804589 abstract "Conflict researchers are divided on what explains the massive victimisation and murdering of civilians and unarmed combatants, but largely agree that many of these acts are intentional and that the main perpetrators rely on them for economic or political gain. The terror strategies against civilians, which the scholarly literature has recently dubbed one-sided violence, take for instance the form of massacres or the mass rape of women and children. The executors of these acts are armed groups that are formally or informally attached to the government, rebel troops, or terrorist organisations. These actors employ this sort of violence besides conventional military tactics or they specialise completely in terrorising the civilian popUlation. This chapter presents first some empirical evidence for the occurrence and scope of political violence. We then introduce the three main logics that have been developed to account for one-sided violence. According to the frrst group of explanations, one-sided violence can only be understood within the wider strategic context in which armed groups operate. It is argued that armed groups will only perpetrate acts of one-sided violence when they expect to gain military advantages from it. A related argument maintains that many of these acts are retaliatory and that one-sided violence, once started, is hard to tarne. The second set of explanation focuses on the organisational structure of the battle forces. This strand of literature states that one-sided violence is the result of a lack of sanctioning mechanisms within the rebel or governmental organisations. The last explanation looks at how international actors react to the anticipated or already realised atrocities. Although pessimists argue that only decisive international action can stop the destructive cycle of one-sided political violence and the equally lethal revenge slaughtering, we maintain that a more nuanced view is warranted. We suggest that international interventions have a greater preventive and protective effect on civilian victimization than some studies would make us believe. The chapter discusses these three interrelated analytical approaches, and the empirical evidence supporting them. 58 Gerald Schneider, Lilli Banholzer and Roos Haer" @default.
• W905804589 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W905804589 date "2011-01-01" @default.
• W905804589 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W905804589 title "Cain´s choice : causes of one-sided violence against civilians" @default.
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