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• W90689780 abstract "While concern for the environment and efforts to improve it are today worldwide, it was in the U.S. where the environmental first took hold and where the earliest environmental efforts were made. America's preservationist tradition dates to 1892, the year of the founding of the Sierra Club. Its serious conservationist movement dates to the 1920s and the contemporary environmental to the 1960s and early 1970s. The first Earth Day was in April, 1970. One of the first international meetings to be convened was the Stockholm Conference on the World Environment in 1972. This was followed during the 1980s by the United Nation's World Commission on Environment and Development and, more recently, by the U.N. Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil during the summer of 1992. The Roper Organization (1990) reports that most Americans place the environment high on the national agenda (fourth behind crime and drugs, AIDS, and the cost of health care) and perceive a proliferation of environmental problems at both the national and the local level. Who do people identify as being primarily responsible? Who are the major culprits? While the answer is that everyone shares some of the blame, certain parties are perceived to be greater contributors to the problem than others, and business is seen as perhaps the major cause (Roper, 1990: 15). The environmental problem is increasingly seen not as a technological problem, although it has technological dimensions, but as a perceptual and behavioral problem. Conceptualized in this way, solutions to environmental problems lie in the alteration of human behavior. As Maloney and Ward noted twenty years ago, determining what the population knows regarding ecology, the environment, and pollution; how they feel about it; what commitments they are willing to make; and what commitments they do make . . . are necessary antecedent steps that must be made before an attempt can be made to modify critically relevant behaviors (1973: 584). Because today's business students will be tomorrow's business leaders, it seems logical that the behavioral changes needed in business will be easier and more successful if business students begin their career ecologically knowledgeable, concerned, and oriented. To date, however, there is not much data available regarding what business students know, think, feel, and actually do regarding ecology and pollution compared to other students. One objective of the present study is to provide an international comparison of the environmental knowledge and attitudes of business administration students. A second objective is to provide a test of the theoretical linkages between sex role and environmental knowledge and attitudes as they pertain to the international situation. Three studies have looked explicitly at the environmental orientation of business students. Shetzer, Stackman, and Moor (1991) administered the New Environmental Paradigm Scale (Dunlap and Van Liere, 1978; Albrecht et al., 1982; Noe and Snow, 1990) and a Business-Environment Questionnaire of their own design to 237 undergraduate business students enrolled in a second-year course in organizational behavior at the University of British Columbia. They conclude that, overall, the expressed attitudes of the sample are strongly proenvironmental and, hence, consistent with the emergence of a New Environmental Paradigm (Dunlap, 1989; Gillroy and Shapiro, 1986; Ladd, 1982). The other two studies directly compared the knowledge and attitudes of business administration students with nonbusiness administration students. Synodinos (1990) compared students enrolled in his business courses with students enrolled in his environmental psychology course six years earlier and with the knowledge and attitudes of students from the early 1970s. He found that business students had less knowledge and less environmentally oriented attitudes than his environmental psychology students and those of students during the 1970s. …" @default.
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• W90689780 title "Environmental Attitudes and Knowledge: An International Comparison among Business Students" @default.
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