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- W91588963 abstract "Acutenrespiratoryntractnillnessn(ARTI)nisnanleadingncausenofnhumannmorbiditynworldwidenandnisnmostn oftennviralninnorigin.nHumannrhinovirusesn(HRVs)narenthenmostnfrequentnpathogensninnARTInandnhaven beennassociatednwithnlowernrespiratoryntractnillnessn(LRTI),nespeciallyninnthenyoung,nthosenwithn asthmanandnothernvulnerablenpopulations.nClassifiednwithinnthenfamilynPicornaviridae,nthengenusn Rhinovirusnconsistsnofn100nserotyped‐strainsndividednintontwonspecies,nHumannrhinovirusnAn(HRVnA;n n=75)nandnHumannrhinovirusnBn(HRVnB;nn=25).nUnlikenothernrespiratorynvirusesnhowever,nHRVsnaren generallynnotnconsiderednasnindividualnentitiesnwithndistinctncirculationnpatternsnsonthenpresencen andnrolenofnindividualnHRVnstrainsninnrespiratorynillnessnremainsnlargelynunexplored.nn n ARTInstudiesninvolvingnpolymerasenchainnreactionn(PCR)‐basedndetectionnmethodsnhave,nsincen1994,n producednunusualnHRV‐likensequencesnornmadencursorynreportsnofnuntypeablenornvariantnHRVn strains.nMorenrecently,nanninvestigationnofnpicornavirusnPCRnproductsnobtainednfromnARTIncasesn duringn2003nidentifiednannovelncladenofnthengenusnRhinovirus,ndesignatednHRVnA2.nThenHRVnA2ncladen wasnpopulatednbynmorenthann30nnucleotidensequencesndemonstratingnlimitednsequencenidentityn withnanynpicornavirusnsequencenonnGenBank.nThencompletenpolyproteinncodingnsequencenofnonenofn thesenputativenvirusesnwasndeducednandnphylogeneticnanalysisnidentifiednthisnsequencenasnannoveln HRVnstrain,nentitlednHRV‐QPM.nThisnvirusnwasnthenfirstnnewnHRVnstrainntonbendescribedninntwon decadesnandnservesnasnthenprototypenofnthenHRVnA2nviruses.nn n TondeterminenwhethernHRV‐QPMnwasnandistinctnrespiratorynpathogennendemicallyncirculatingninnthen Brisbanenpopulation,nancomprehensivenretrospectivenmolecularnepidemiologynstudynwasn undertakennonnanwell‐definednspecimennpopulationnobtainednpredominatelynfromnpaediatricn patientsnwithnsymptomsnofnARTI.nHRV‐QPMnwasndetectednatnanprevalencenofn1.4%nbyntwonnoveln real‐timenreverse‐transcriptasenPCRnassays.nPrevalencenpeakedninnwinternbutnwasnalsonhighninn springnandnsummer.nHRV‐QPMnwasnmostnfrequentlyndetectedninninfantsnwithnexpiratorynwheezingn ornpersistentncough,nusuallynassociatednwithnadmissionntonhospitalnwhichnwasnoftennaccompaniedn bynanrequirementnfornsupplementalnoxygennandnitnwasnthenonlynvirusndetectedninn65%nofnHRV‐QPMn positivenindividuals.nThesenobservationsnresultedninnannobjectivenclinicalnimpactnrangingnfromnmildn tonsevere.nThisnwasnthenfirstnmolecularnepidemiologynstudyntonaddressnthenannualnprevalencenandn clinicalnimpactnofnannindividualnHRVnstrain.DespitenrepeatednattemptsninntypicallynHRV‐susceptiblencellnlines,nisolationnofnHRV‐QPMninnculturen wasnunsuccessful.nThenagenandnamountnofnviablenvirusncontainednwithinntheninoculumnwasn proposednasnanmajornreasonnbehindnthenculturenfailings.nHowever,nHRVnA2nstrainsnmaynben particularlynfastidiousnandnemploynreceptorsnthatnarennotnpresentnonncell‐linesncurrentlynclassifiedn asnHRV‐susceptible.nTheninabilityntonisolatenmembersnofnthenHRVnA2ncladenhasnimportantn implicationsnforncurrentnHRVnculturentechniques,nantiviralndevelopmentnandnclassificationnschemes.nn n Duringn2007,nthencompletencodingnsequencesnofnsixnpreviouslynunknownnandnhighlyndivergentnHRVn strainsnwerenreported.nHRV‐QPMnwasntheninitialnstrainndescribed.nlHRV‐Xsrnwerensubsequentlyn foundninnthenUnitednStatesnandnlHRV‐CsrnwerendescribedninnHongnKong.nCollectivelynthesenputativen virusesnoccupiednandistinctnpositionnwithinnthengenusnRhinovirus,npreviouslynidentifiednasnHRVnA2.n BecausenitnappearednthatnthenmembersnofnthisncladenwerenfrequentlynassociatednwithnLRTI,nthisn studynsoughtntonbetterncharacterizenthemninnthenhopenofnfindingnfeaturesnthatnmightnprovenusefulninn predictingnthenoutcomenofnHRVnA2ninfection.nn n ToncataloguenthenmolecularnfeaturesndistinguishingnthendivergentnHRVnstrains,nthisnstudynundertookn computer‐basedninnsiliconanalysesnofnallnavailablenHRVnandnrepresentativenpicornavirusnpolyproteinn sequencesnincludingnintensivengenomicnanalysisnandnproteinnhomologynmodellingnofnthenHRVnA2n prototypenstrain,nHRV‐QPM,nwhichnresultedninncomprehensivencharacterizationnofnallnHRVnA2n polyproteinnsequences.nBynsuperimposingnthensitesnofnknownnreceptorncontactsnontonpredictedn HRV‐QPMnproteinsnandnpredictingnHRVnA2nstrainndrugnsusceptibility,nthisnstudynwasnablentonproposen anmorenrobustntaxonomicnplacementnfornthesennewlynidentifiednvirusesnandnsuggestnsomennoveln featuresnthatnmaynbenusefulninnfuturentaxonomicndevelopments.nThendivergentnHRVnstrainsndidnnotn meetnthenclassificationnrequirementsnfornanynexistingnspeciesnofnthengenusnRhinovirusnornthencloselyn relatedngenusnEnterovirus.nHRVnA2nstrainsnshouldnbenpartitionednintonatnleastnonennewnspecies,n putativelyncallednHumannrhinovirusnC.nn" @default.
- W91588963 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W91588963 creator A5066802268 @default.
- W91588963 date "2008-05-01" @default.
- W91588963 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W91588963 title "Characterization of a Newly Identified Human Rhinovirus: HRV-QPM" @default.
- W91588963 hasPublicationYear "2008" @default.
- W91588963 type Work @default.
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- W91588963 hasOpenAccess W91588963 @default.
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