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- W925849848 abstract "This chapter reviews the sites of production and the functional diversity of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNIs) within the immune system with a special emphasis on their host-protective effector and regulator potential. The chapter also deals with the expression and function of Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In macrophages, iNOS protein and activity has been detected in three different locations: in the cytosol; in a membranous (particulate) compartment consisting of 50 to 80 nm vesicles; and in the cortical actin cytoskeleton immediately beneath the plasma membrane. The role of ROI and RNI in the immune system is unpleasantly ambiguous: They function as aggressive oxidants that kill microbial intruders and, at the same time, cause collateral damage to host tissues; and they serve as signaling molecules that not only control and tune the immune system, but also alarm the infectious pathogen to switch on mechanisms for protection against the host defense machinery. Therefore, ROI and RNI are potentially beneficial and detrimental at the same time, depending on their concentration, on the tissue microenvironment and the time course of generation, and certainly also on the chemistry of the individual products." @default.
- W925849848 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W925849848 creator A5080945133 @default.
- W925849848 date "2014-04-30" @default.
- W925849848 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W925849848 title "Reactive Oxygen and Reactive Nitrogen Intermediates in the Immune System" @default.
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