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- W92878610 abstract "This chapter focuses on the yeast mycocins, which are either proteins or glycoproteins that consist of two or three subunits. In most yeasts, the molecular weights of secreted toxins are around 10 000-20 000 D, although the molecular weights of glycoprotein mycocins produced by Kluyveromyces lactis and Pichia anomala are much higher (100 000 D and greater). After exposure to most mycocins, growing sensitive cells exhibit a reduction in intracellular pH and leakage of potassium ions, ATP and other cellular intermediates. Amino-acid transport and proton pumping to the culture medium are also inhibited. All these effects indicate an increase in proton permeability in mycocin sensitive cells. A mycocin becomes incorporated into the cytoplasmic membrane and creates ion permeable channels. The overall effect of pore formation disrupts the cell electrochemical potential across the membrane and eventually results in cell death. Regardless of the mode of action of mycocins, the first step of cell interaction is binding to the cell wall surface. In contrast to the time-lag process of membrane damage, binding of K1 mycocin to yeast cells is rapid and energy-independent. Comparison of mycocin killing spectra on whole cells and on spheroplasts shows that the cell wall determines the specificity of mycocin action. Saccharomyces cerevisiae toxin K1 can kill cells of the same species and those of Candida glabrata." @default.
- W92878610 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W92878610 date "1998-01-01" @default.
- W92878610 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W92878610 title "Mycocins (killer toxins)" @default.
- W92878610 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-044481312-1/50011-3" @default.
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