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• W93168797 abstract "Author(s): de Putter, Roland | Advisor(s): Linder, Eric V; Perlmutter, Saul | Abstract: The discovery of cosmic acceleration twelve years ago impliesthat our universe is dominated bydark energy, which is either a tiny cosmological constantor a mysterious fluid with large negative pressure, or that Einstein's successful theoryof gravity needs to be modified at large scales/low energies. Since then,independent evidence of a number of cosmological probes has firmly establishedthe picture of a universe where dark energy (or the effective contribution froma modification of gravity) makes up about $72 %$ of the total energy density.Whichever of the options mentioned above will turn out to be the right one,a satisfying explanation for cosmic acceleration will likely lead toimportant new insights in fundamental physics. The question of the physics behindcosmicacceleration is thus one of the most intriguing open questions in modern physics.In this thesis, we calculate current constraints on dark energy and study how tooptimally use the cosmological tools at our disposal to learn about its nature.We will first present constraints from a host of recent dataon the dark energy sound speed and equation of state for different dark energy modelsincluding early dark energy. We then study the observational properties of purely kinetick-essence models and show how they can in principle be straightforwardly distinguished fromquintessence models by their equation of state behavior. We next consider a large, representative set of dark energy and modified gravity modelsand show that they can be divided into a small set of observationally distinct classes.We also find that all non-early dark energy models we consider can be modeled extremely wellby a simple linear equation of state form. We will then go on to discuss a number of alternative,model independent parametrizations of dark energy properties. Among other things, we find thatprincipal component analysis is not as model-independent as one would like it to be and thatassuming a fixed value for the high redshift equation of state can lead to a dangerous bias in the determinationof the equation of state at low redshift.Finally, we discuss using weak gravitational lensing of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies as a cosmological probe. Wecompare different methods for extracting cosmological information from the lensed CMB and show that CMB lensing willin the future be a useful tool for constraining dark energy and neutrino mass.Whereasmarginalizing over neutrino mass can degrade dark energy constraints, CMB lensinghelps to break the degeneracy between the two and restores the dark energy constraints to the levelof the fixed neutrino mass case." @default.
• W93168797 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W93168797 creator A5000887947 @default.
• W93168797 date "2010-01-01" @default.
• W93168797 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W93168797 title "Probing Dark Energy with Theory and Observations" @default.
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