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• W93350823 abstract "1Senior Scienctist (email: ambikabg@yahoo.co.in), 2Senior scientist (email: sarchak@nbpgr.ernet.in), 3email: swati.saxena2003 @yahoo.in Citrus is an important fruit producing genus of the world.China and Nigeria are the major citrus producers with India ranking fourth,contributing a 4.48% in the global production (FAO Statistics 2011). In India, citrus fruits rank third in importance after mango and banana. Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Punjab produced 24.2, 18.9 and 12.1% respectively of the total produce of 74.64 lakh tonnes from 8.46 lakh ha area in the year 2010-2011(Kumar 2011). The major citrus fruits grown in India are lime, lemon, mosambi and orange. The average productivity from India is approximately 9 mt/ha.This is contrast to an average of 3040 mt/ha in countries like Brazil and USA. Limiting growing conditions, water resources and high incidence of pests and diseases are some problems that affect productivity (Radha and Matthew 2007). Another major cause for concern for citrus growers is the availability of appropriate rootstocks. For centuries commercial citrus cultivation has been done by grafting and budding. The rootstock is a very important part of a citrus orchard and unlike a cultural practice, a fertilizer dosage or an irrigation schedule, it cannot be changed overnight. It has varied effects on scion vigour and size, fruit yield, quality, tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses,adaptability to various soils and mycorrhizal dependency (Sonkar et al. 2002). In addition,the effect of the stockscion interaction is reflected in various physiologically and agronomically important traits,so much so that breeding for rootstocks has become an important aspect for the success of any citrus breeding programme. The performance of a rootstock varies greatly with the scion variety and the agroclimatic conditions. It is therefore of utmost importance to select the best performing rootstock for a given variety in a given region to attain maximum productivity and quality. Rough lemon and Rangpur lime are the most time tested and widely used rootstocks in India (Sonkar et al. 2002). The fact that many species of Citrus, including the desired rootstocks are highly polyembryonic and produce true to type seedlings from nucellar seeds is a boon to the citrus grower.However, there can be 1-40% zygotic seedlings in a seedbed (Wutscher 1979).Matters are further complicated by inadvertent seed mixtures of related species. In India, the largest area under citrus cultivation is in the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra where farmers totally rely on the public and private nurseries for supply of planting material. Many nurseries unfortunately do not maintain the mother plants of the Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia) and Rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri) rootstocks and import seeds from the Himalayan foothill states (Hom et al. 2012). These rootstock seeds are randomly collected from different citrus species, particularly Galgal (Citrus pseudolimon). Although scions grafted on Galgal are vigorous and healthy, they are susceptible to Phytophthora and have a lesser life span thus requiring replanting of the orchard after six or seven years. A comparison of the citrus cost and returns (www.nabard.org) shows that a farmer cuts even with the input cost at the end of the seventh year of starting an orchard. Replanting of an orchard would thus lead to huge economic losses for a farmer with no recovery whatsoever of the input cost. DNA based markers provide ideal nondestructive assays for identification of cultivars at a juvenile stage (Karp 1997). In citrus, molecular markers such as RAPD,ISSR, and RFLP have been used for fingerprinting (Fang and Roose 1997), genetic diversity analysis (Filho et al. 1998,Luro et al. 1995),phylogenetic studies (Nicolosi et al. 2000) and discrimination of cultivars (Bernet et al. 2004). Sequence tagged microsatellite markers (STMS) are codominant, highly reproducible markers,easily automated with good analytical resolution making them the preferred choice of markers (Matsuoka et al. 2002).The development of these in citrus (Kijas et. al.1995) and their utilization for discriminating species (Ahmad et al. 2003) has opened avenues for genomic" @default.
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• W93350823 date "2013-01-01" @default.
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• W93350823 title "Technology development for identification of citrus (Citrus spp) rootstocks based on Sequence Tagged Microsatellite marker" @default.
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