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• W935560810 abstract "It is 10 years since the formal presentation of the “cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory dysfunction” by Bartus et al., although many elements were already being considered earlier. The two central notions of the hypothesis are that (a) forebrain cholinergic systems provide an essential substrate for a variety of cognitive processes, in particular those involved in learning and memory and (b) the learning and memory deficits of aging are attributable, at least in part, to a decline in the functional integrity of those forebrain cholinergic systems. In its original formulation, this hypothesis was considered in the context of normal aging. However, several lines of evidence, including the loss of cortical cholinergic markers in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the discovery of a correlation between these biochemical measures and mental test scored in AD patients, and the loss/atrophy of the basal forebrain neurons themselves, led Coyle et al. to extend the cholinergic hypothesis to Alzheimer's dementia— that is, to suggest that the more profound memory deficits of AD may also be attributable to extensive degeneration of the same forebrain cholinergic systems. Over the past decade, the forebrain cholinergic systems have provided a major focus of research attention, because the cholinergic hypothesis appears to offer a strategy for the development of a rational therapy for the alleviation of one of the most widespread and debilitating diseases. Many studies report a disturbance of the learning and or memory abilities in animals following experimental lesions or pharmacological manipulations of the forebrain cholinergic neurons, and several reports have suggested a significant beneficial effect of the pharmacological treatment of early AD patients with cholinesterase inhibitors. However, the benefit of these pharmacotherapies appears to be modest at best and in recent years concern has begun to develop about the specificity of the cholinergic hypothesis in terms of whether the experimental models are neurochemically and functionally specific and whether the cholinergic deficit is primary in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia. In the present chapter, the current status of the cholinergic hypothesis is discussed." @default.
• W935560810 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W935560810 date "1993-01-01" @default.
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• W935560810 title "Chapter 49: Role of forebrain cholinergic systems in learning and memory: relevance to the cognitive deficits of aging and Alzheimer's dementia" @default.
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• W935560810 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62425-5" @default.
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