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• W93632972 startingPage "2667" @default.
• W93632972 abstract "Serum cholesterol, which normally consists predominantly of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDLC), is influenced by the liver’s expression of LDL receptors; the latter is regulated by the cholesterol content of liver cells. The process whereby cholesterol passes from peripheral tissues through high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and back to the liver is called reverse cholesterol transport. Cumulative data suggest that the risk of coronary heart disease declines to a total serum cholesterol of 150 mg/dL corresponding to an LDL level of 100 mg/dL or less. Highrisk coronary heart disease patients benefit from even lower LDL serum values—down to values of 70 mg/dL or less. The concept has emerged now that “the lower, the better” for risk reduction with LDL-C levels. Each component of atherogenic dyslipidemia appears to be independently atherogenic. In patients with elevated triglycerides, the non-HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) level is a better indicator of the total apo-B containing lipoproteins than is the LDL-C. Centrally important in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk reduction are complete smoking cessation, reduction of LDL-C, weight loss, and increased physical activity. Statins are the leader in LDL-lowering drugs and are generally well tolerated. They should not be given to patients with underlying liver disease. They diminish cholesterol synthesis by the liver. Ezetemide inhibits cholesterol absorption from the bowel. When combined with a statin, the LDL-lowering effect is enhanced. For every lowering of LDL-C by 1%, there is an approximate 1% reduction in major coronary events. Statin therapy is just as effective for reducing risk for ASCVD when diabetes is present as when it is not. Prospective studies have shown that an abnormal anklebrachial index (ABI) identifies an increased risk for future coronary events; that is, most patients with peripheral vascular disease also have important coronary heart disease. The metabolic syndrome includes any three of the following five conditions: 1. Elevated fasting glucose of 100 mg/dL or above 2. Elevated blood pressure of at least 130 mm Hg systolic or at least 85 mm Hg diastolic 3. Reduced HDL cholesterol (< 40 mg/dL in men and <50 mg/dL in women) 4. Elevated serum triglyceride level of at least 150 mg/dL 5. Abdominal obesity, that is, waist circumference of over 102 cm/40″ in men or over 88 cm/34.5″ in women The metabolic syndrome has an increased risk of ASCVD and for type II diabetes. A proinflammatory state predisposes to major cardiovascular events. KeywordsMetabolic SyndromeCoronary Artery CalciumCoronary Artery Calcium ScoreAtherogenic DyslipidemiaMajor Coronary EventThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves." @default.
• W93632972 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W93632972 creator A5056794714 @default.
• W93632972 date "2007-01-01" @default.
• W93632972 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W93632972 title "Management of Cholesterol Disorders" @default.
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