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• W93776076 abstract "The mode of degradation of the thermoset plastic CR-39 by hydroxides has been determined and its etching behavior is compared to another polycarbonate, Lexan. Both plastics degrade via cleavage of the carbonate ester linkage by the hydroxide ion to produce the carbonate ion and various organic etch products. In the case of CR-39, the major organic products are 2,2′-oxydiethanol and poly(allyl alcohol). The former is extensively soluble and exhibits an enhancement of the bulk etch rate with increasing concentration. Poly(allyl alcohol), PAA, has a limited solubility and separates as a sticky oil from saturated baths. It can accumulate on the surface of the plastic at high hydroxide concentrations or inside long narrow tracks thus hindering further etching. PAA is unique in that it is a polymeric etch product. Its molecular weight distribution, which would influence its solubility behavior, is dependent on the degree and uniformity of polymerization of the CR-39 monomer. By contrast, the principal product from Lexan is simply the anion of bisphenol A (4,4′-isopropyli-denediphenol). The concentration dependence of the bulk etch rate of these polycarbonates for various hydroxides in aqueous and mixed aqueous/organic solvents can be understood in terms of a solvation model for the hydroxide ion. The aqueous data correlate well with the assumption that the rate determining step involves the unhydrated hydroxide ion. The concentration of this species increases as the concentration of “free water” (water molecules which are not strongly bound to other species) decreases. Addition of organic solvents which do not solvate the hydroxide ion, but can bind to water molecules, results in a marked increase in etch rates. It has been found that maintaining CR-39 at elevated temperatures (70−80°) in oxygen environments for several days or more causes a gradual but significant increase in bulk etch rate. The extent and nature of this apparent degradation is under study. Consequently, etchants have been sought which will allow the use of lower temperatures or at least shorter times." @default.
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• W93776076 date "1980-01-01" @default.
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• W93776076 title "ETCHING MECHANISM AND BEHAVIOUR OF POLYCARBONATES IN HYDROXIDE SOLUTION: LEXAN AND CR-39" @default.
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• W93776076 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-025029-8.50040-8" @default.
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