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• W9382350 abstract "This study is about Antarctic affairs during twentiethcentury. images most often associated with this subjectthroughout this period focus on science . Apart from a briefinterlude in 1940's and early 1950's , and again in late1970's and 1980's, political considerations have been portrayed inthe background and of little account . These images also depictAntarctic affairs as unique - separated from events and forcesarising elsewhere in world. view is put forward in thisthesis that these images are in important respects deficient:political factors have been more significant than these dominantimages suggest and Antarctic affairs have not occurred inisolation The study begins by examining Antarctic affairs during firstfour decades of twentieth century - a period commonly dividedin to heroic age from around turn of century to theend of World War I and air age during interwar years.The dominant image associated with this period focuses onscientific activity and exploration in region . argumenthere is presented, however, that significant political andeconomic factors concerned with partition of Antarctica , whichoccurred between 1908 and 1939 when five countries asserted claimsto about 85 per cent of region, must also be brought intofocus to achieve a more complete and accurate picture of Antarcticaffairs. It is also argued that this partition was an expressionand extension of two under lying structural forces of worldpolitics which first became operative during closing years ofthe nineteenth century: Second Indus trial Revolution and theNew Imperialism.The study continues in 1940's and 1950's with an examinationof origins of Antarctic Treaty of 1959. dominant imageassociated with this era portrays a series of events connectedwith International Geophysical Year which led directly to thesigning of Treaty . picture presented is one of thetriumph of science over politics . The argument of this study isthat this image is superficial and misleading. It overlooks theinterplay of political and strategic considerations which were , inturn, consequences of basic structural changes in world politicswhich impacted on Antarctic affairs following outbreak ofWorld War II, such a s rise of United States and SovietUnion to superpower status and intensification of rivalrybetween these countries after 1947 to become Cold War . The third period under review in his study is two decades, orso, following signing of Antarctic Treaty and its entryinto force in 1961. This period of Antarctic affairs is generallyportrayed as a time of regional peace and order . dominantimage associated with this era sketches a picture of Treatyproviding a blueprint for science with ensuing scientific activity engenderingthat this image isPax Antarctica.It is argued in this study that this image isone-sided. Left out of account is continuing conflict-management function of Treaty and itsattendant arrangements - central one of which is AntarcticTreaty Consulative Meeting. This Meeting can be viewed as a formof international organization, and several mechanisms of it haveplayed an important part in management of conflict pertainingto Antarctica and thereby also contributed to regional peace andorder. It is also shown how a structural change in world politicsagain began to impact on Antarctic affairs during late 1970'sas world entered the era of interdependence,Antarctica became entangled in a number of global issues concernedwith resource scarcity, North-South relations and environmentalconservation. In sum, it is proposed that (i) political factors have played asignificant part in Antarctic affairs throughout twentiethcentury, and (ii) structural changes in world politics haveimpacted upon Antarctic affairs throughout same period. Onthis view, it is concluded that Antarctic affairs have been anintegral part of world politics. Accordingly, they must beconsidered in this way and not sui generis as commonly asserted.This means that Antarctic affairs cannot be assessed realisticallyunless they are ranged firmly against past and analysed in thelight of structural forces in world politics." @default.
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• W9382350 date "1986-01-01" @default.
• W9382350 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W9382350 title "Antarctica and world politics:the significance of political factors in Antarctic affairs during the twentieth century" @default.
• W9382350 hasPublicationYear "1986" @default.
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