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- W943919248 endingPage "234" @default.
- W943919248 startingPage "135" @default.
- W943919248 abstract "The xylem and phloem tissues of plants represent substantial nutrient resources for biophages. The vascular plants, which parasitize xylem are in many respects nutritionally similar to the shoot of the host. Acquisition of xylem sap, containing the water needed for transpiration and growth and the soil-derived elements needed for growth, involves the parasite in having a more negative water potential than the host. Xylem-feeding insects obtain xylem sap by inserting their stylets into a xylem element and sucking out the sap. The thermodynamic limit on xylem sap extraction corresponds to a tension of 3 MPa. Phloem-feeding insects obtain phloem sap by inserting their stylets into the phloem—the phloem turgor pressure drives sap into the insect's gut. By contrast to xylem-feeding heterotrophs, the phloem-feeders have organic carbon in excess of other dietary requirements, such as nitrogen, in phloem the sap. A problem, which phloem-feeders share with less-specialized phytophages is that the nitrogen/carbon ratio is sub-optimal for their growth—they must ingest an excess of organic carbon to obtain sufficient nitrogen." @default.
- W943919248 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W943919248 creator A5041675614 @default.
- W943919248 date "1983-01-01" @default.
- W943919248 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W943919248 title "Phytophages of Xylem and Phloem: a Comparison of Animal and Plant Sap-feeders" @default.
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