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• W94570732 abstract "INTRODUCTION Archibald Meston was born in 1851 in Scotland and died in 1924 in Brisbane. During his working life he was sugar farmer, newspaper columnist and editor, member of Parliament, and an explorer, chiefly in Queensland. Throughout his life he wrote voluminously, if unevenly, on whole range of social, political and economic questions. Some of his anthropological accounts are still considered valid1. But Meston is perhaps remembered most by contemporaries, subsequent historians, and some of those Aborigines who spent their lives in one way or another Under the Act, for his proposals on Welfare, his of customs, dialects, etc., his shows and, not least, his role as Southern Protector of Aborigines between 1898 and 1907. In these latter, related roles, Meston exerted an influence direct and indirect over hundreds of individuals, mostly Aboriginal, perhaps as as that which any large capitalist, or important group of politicians had over other subordinate groups in the Queensland structure. For this reason, among others, the following study is mostly concerned with those elements in Meston's biography which bear on what I would call the Aboriginal question. I do not wish to imply, however, that this account represents revivified example of Carlylean great man theory of history, even if the reader may be struck by the emphasis I have placed on Meston's .and their intellectual origins, or because Meston himself sometimes conceived himself in this fashion. I am nevertheless working from the assumption that certain historical individuals are more powerful in certain social relationships than others, not because they are Hegelian ''world historical figures who transcend their historical situation, but because they are located, think and act in specific echelons of dynamic structure. Thus my analysis is loosely neo-Marxist in that it owes rather more to those elements in Marx which emphasise struggle and consciousness than to the somewhat restricted situation for human interaction implied by economic determinism. Here racial thought as form of social consciousness, is obviously crucial. At the same time, I adopt realist position in relation to concepts such as class, class etc., in that these are not merely appearances of reality, but actually stand for actual, patterned and sometimes highly structured social relationships which must be delineated theoretically and empirically. The so-called Structural Marxists are perhaps the most successful recent theoreticians of the structure as structure2; unfortunately their formulations come uncomfortably close to the Categorisations which they expressly denounce and, more seriously perhaps·, contain an anti-empirical bias which makes it difficult to apply the theory to socio-historical reality3. Nevertheless the judicious application of such theoretical schema, modified to suit the Australian context, does seem appropriate, and will be employed throughout, in conjunction with other Marxist-oriented approaches. A fuller discussion of such issues will be found in Part Three. For the moment I would suggest that judicious eclecticism is preferable to theoretical rigidity. 1. N.B. Tindale, Tribes of Australia, Vol. 1 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974), p. 126. 2. See Nicos Poulantzas, On Social Classes, New Left Review, No. 78, March-April 1973, and Nicos Poulantzas, Classes in Contemporary Capitalism (London: NLB, 1975), Introduction 3. structuralism has come under increasing critical scrutiny - trend which the present writer welcomes - on the grounds that it represents static, functionalist overview of social relations where people are conceived as historical agents. As recent critic put it: Marxist structuralism is analytically rigorous, but to the point of subordinating to formal method and exhausting the dialectic in conceptual abstraction, Dale L. Johnston, Strategic Implications of Recent Social Class Theory, The Insurgent Sociologist, Vol. VIII, No. 1, Winter 1978, p. 40. The present writer takes his stand with the Marx who wrote: Nature builds no machines, no locomotives, railways, electric telegraphs, self-acting mules, etc. These are products of human industry; national material transformed into organs of the human will over nature, or of human participation in nature. They are organs of the human brain; created by the human hand; the power of knowledge objectified. Karl Marx, Grundrisse, Translated with Foreword by Martin Nicolaus (London: Penguin, 1973), p. 56. What follows is probably much closer to an old-fashioned history of ideas than an analysis firmly based on methodology, for which I make no apologias. Bertrand Russell, who once wrote critique of dialectical materialism, nevertheless made an important statement when he observed that a cat seeing mouse is by no means passive recipient of purely contemplative impressions. And as cat with mouse, so is textile manufacturer with bale of cotton, in Patrick Gardiner (ed.), Theories of History (New York: Free Press, 1959), p. 289. ………………………………………………" @default.
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• W94570732 date "2020-04-08" @default.
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• W94570732 title "Archibald Meston and the Aborigines : ideology and practice, 1870-1970 : an exploration in social history" @default.
• W94570732 doi "https://doi.org/10.14264/uql.2020.455" @default.
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