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• W950890003 abstract "Primary demyelinating diseases in the human nervous system include multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and acute leukoencephalopathy. In cell-mediated demyelination, a factor, perhaps a colony-stimulating factor is secreted by the astrocyte, which stimulates the phagocytic cell, either the invading peripheral macrophage or the microglial cell. These cells are further stimulated by phagocytosis of the myelin-antibody complex and in turn, produce a factor, perhaps IL-1, which promotes hypertrophy and some hyperplasia of the astrocytes. Such a mutually dependent unit is probably not self-sustaining, but the interaction are initiated and/or modulated by other factors both from immune cells, such as lymphocytes, and from other neural cells. At this time, this sequence of events is mostly speculative, but recent results in laboratory have shown the respiratory burst of macrophages phagocytizing myelin to be greatly enhanced by the presence of antibody-complexed myelin. It is possible that secretion of other factors, including cytokines, is also stimulated by antibody-mediated events. The promotion of astrogliosis by cytokines could be also a general mechanism for the astrocyte response in many kinds of central nervous system (CNS) injury where antibody is not present. The microglia as resident macrophages of the nervous system have the potential to be activated by internal mechanisms, which could then start a sequence of events leading to the astrocyte response." @default.
• W950890003 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W950890003 creator A5067777551 @default.
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• W950890003 date "1992-01-01" @default.
• W950890003 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W950890003 title "Chapter 34: Association between cell-mediated demyelination and astrocyte stimulation" @default.
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• W950890003 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61768-9" @default.
• W950890003 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1287726" @default.
• W950890003 hasPublicationYear "1992" @default.
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