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• W95409074 abstract "Geoscience Australia has undertaken a classification of biophysical datasets to create seabedhabitat maps (termed ‘seascapes’) for the Australian margin and adjacent sea floor. Seascapesdescribe a layer of ecologically meaningful biophysical properties that spatially representspotential seabed habitats. Each seascape area corresponds to a region of the seabed thatcontains similar biophysical properties and, by association, potential habitats andcommunities. The procedure adopted is inspired by the shelf classification applied in easternCanada where physical properties (sediment type, physiography, bed roughness, wave andcurrent regime) were used to define ecologically meaningful habitats on the Scotian Shelf.Creating seascapes as proxies for benthic marine biological communities using biophysicaldata is required because it is impossible to count and map the distribution of every organismin the ocean.This report describes the iterative methods used to create the seascapes, including adetailed appendix documenting the different datasets used in each planning zone. Creatingthe seascapes is necessarily an iterative process whereby the available datasets are integratedin different combinations, or added as they become available, using the ERMapper™unsupervised, crisp ISOclass classification program. In each classification only biophysicalproperties that have consistent and definable relationships with the benthic biota and areknown in sufficient detail across Australia’s entire marine region are used to create theseascapes. An initial validation of the classification technique has been undertaken on asubset of the data for the shelf surrounding Tasmania using an alternative unsupervisedfuzzy classification. Results of this validation indicate that the unsupervised classificationmethodology provides consistent and reliable classes for defining the seascapes.Finally, a quantitative method designed to determine where the greatest seabedheterogeneity occurs to assist with the selection of potential sites for Marine Protected Areaswas trialled on the final seascapes. This Focal Variety method conducted in ArcGIS simplycounts up the number of seascape types within a specified radius (in this case 20 km). Focalvariety analyses were conducted separately on the seascapes (which comprise continuousspatial data) and geomorphology (which comprise categorical spatial data) and the resultscombined. Areas where many different seascapes occur are considered as potential habitatdiversity hotspots.The mandate for creating the seascapes comes directly from the United NationsConvention on Biological Diversity (CBD), which Australia ratified in 1994. The CBDrequires Australia to set up a system of marine protected areas for the conservation andsustainable use of threatened species, habitats and living marine resources and ecologicalprocesses. We believe that the seascapes provide a useful method for assisting in thedevelopment of this system of MPA’s by spatially representing seabed heterogeneity in aconsistent, objective and robust way.The future of seascapes and surrogacy research is to work collaboratively with marinebiologists and ecologists in the formation of seascapes for marine biodiversity prediction,including undertaking targeted marine surveys to collect further physical and biological dataand building combined databases that permit direct correlation of data. This research willimprove the accuracy and precision with which we can predict Australia’s marinebiodiversity and thus strengthen confidence in decisions about the conservation andsustainable use of Australia’s marine resources." @default.
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• W95409074 date "2007-01-01" @default.
• W95409074 modified "2023-10-07" @default.
• W95409074 title "Seascapes of the Australian Margin and Adjacent Sea Floor: Methodology and Results" @default.
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