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- W957628570 abstract "Macrophages are derived from circulating monocytes and are found in all tissues throughout the body, especially the lung, spleen, liver, and bone marrow. The macrophage scavenger receptors were discovered by Brown and Goldstein and functionally described for their ability to bind modified low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), such as acetylated LDL (AcLDL) and oxidized LDL (OxLDL), but not native LDL molecules. This chapter focuses on scavenger receptors found on macrophages. Macrophage receptor with a collagenous structure (MARCO) is constitutively expressed by subpopulations of macrophages, in particular, those of the spleen marginal zone, medullary lymph nodes, and resident peritoneal macrophages. The C-type lectin receptors recognize carbohydrates on cell surfaces, circulating proteins, and pathogens. Macrophages have numerous receptors that are not involved in phagocytosis/endocytosis, but play a role in sensing microbial products and inducing signal transduction. The surfactant proteins bind to macrophages, altering their function by, for example, upregulating the expression of the mannose receptor and SR-A, thereby improving pathogen phagocytosis. The most important opsonins are circulating complement proteins and immunoglobulins, such as immunoglobulin G (IgG). Many cytokine receptors interact with the cytoplasmic kinases of the Janus kinase (JAK) family, which initiate a response through the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) molecules. Macrophages produce a wide range of cytokines, which include interleukin molecules (IL), tumor necrosis factors (TNF), and chemokines (CC and CXC). Receptor ligation mediates many processes including phagocytosis, production of cytokines and chemokines, and ultimately activation of the humoral immune response to invading pathogens." @default.
- W957628570 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W957628570 creator A5043527207 @default.
- W957628570 creator A5060388462 @default.
- W957628570 date "2014-04-30" @default.
- W957628570 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W957628570 title "Macrophages: Microbial Recognition and Response" @default.
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