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• W95922436 abstract "The only treatment for the terminal symptoms of the laryngeal cancer is to remove the larynx including vocal cords, which mean that the patient loses his voice. Esophageal speech is a method of speech production using an esophagus. An air inhaled in the upper esophagus generates the esophagus vibration to produce a sound that can be shaped into speech. Although this method has difficulties to be mastered, the voice is able to keep the individuality since the speech is generated by his own vocal organs. This paper introduces a software filtering algorithm which clarifies esophageal speech with the individuality preserved, together with user's evaluations by questionnaires. Incidentally there are mainly two ways to recover voice. One is to use an artificial larynx, which is also called an electrolarynx and is a hand-held device with a pulse generator that produces a vocal cord-like vibration. The electrolarynx has a vibrating plastic diaphragm, which is placed against the neck during the speech. The vibration of the diaphragm generates a source sound in the throat, and the speaker then articulates with the tongue, palate, throat and lips as usual. The other is to learn esophageal speech, which is a method of speech production using an esophagus (Sato, 1993; Max et al, 1996). In the speech air is inhaled and caught in the upper esophagus instead of being swallowed, and then the released air generates the esophagus vibration to produce a belch-like sound that can be shaped into speech. The former has an advantage to be used by just being held to the neck and to be easily mastered, but the sound quality is rather electronic and artificial. Furthermore one hand is occupied to hold the device during the speech, which disturbs the gestural communication. On the other hand, the latter method has difficulties to be mastered (several years are ordinary required for the practice), but the voice is able to keep the speaker's individuality since the speech is generated by his own vocal organs, although several distinctive characters exist. Moreover the body parts such as hands and facial expressions are freely and actively used for the communication to assist the speech. Mastering the esophageal speech requires repetitious training, and the progress is slow and is hard to be recognized by the patient himself. This paper introduces a real-time software filtering algorithm which clarifies esophageal speech with the individuality preserved, and presents the results of a listening experiment to evaluate the filtering ability." @default.
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• W95922436 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W95922436 title "Real-time clarification of esophageal speech using a comb filter" @default.
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