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• W968301103 abstract "This study outlines the characteristics of the Icelandic financial crisis and asks what influence it has had on the level of living of the population. The main focus is on policies for tackling the consequences of the crisis. The analysis is put into the context of Keynesian demand management and Austrian laissez-faire crisis management strategies. The conclusion is that Iceland's resurrection was relatively successful, compared to other deep-crisis countries. The special characteristic of the Icelandic strategy was a combination of expenditure cuts, tax hikes and a strong redistribution focus of welfare efforts. Welfare expenditures became more directed at lower income groups, while higher income groups got cuts; transfers to the households were increased while expenditures on services (previously at a high level) were cut. Benefits aimed at the lowest income groups were increased specifically, in order to avoid increasing poverty. The same pattern applied to direct taxation changes, i.e. effective tax burden was transferred from lower income households to higher income ones and to firms. The labor market partners raised the minimum wage specifically in collective agreements, while average wages remained at nominal values (at the same time that prices rose rapidly). The government also imposed a special temporary wealth tax on net assets above a defined sum. Lastly, the government implemented debt relief measures, serving lower and middle-income households disproportionally. Incomes distribution became much more equal in the aftermath of the collapse, partly due to this redistributive strategy of crisis policies. Her er fjallað um einkenni islensku fjarmalakreppunnar og spurt hvernig hun hafði ahrif a lifskjor almennings. Sjonum er serstaklega beint að aðgerðum við endurreisn samfelagsins eftir hrunið. Umfjollunin er sett i samhengi við helstu kenningar um kreppuviðbrogð i anda keynesiskrar hagstjornar og afskiptaleysisstefnu austurriska skolans. Niðurstaðan er su, að endurreisn islenska þjoðarbusins hafi tekist nokkuð vel i samanburði við aðrar þjoðir sem urðu fyrir storu afalli eins og Island. Serstaða islensku leiðarinnar folst einkum i blandaðri aðferð niðurskurðar og skattahaekkana, með utfaerslun i anda endurdreifingarstefnu. Velferðarutgjoldum var beint meira til laegri og millitekjuhopa um leið og skert var hja haerri tekjuhopum; tekjutilfaerslur til heimila voru auknar en skert i þjonustu. Baetur og greiðslur sem foru serstaklega til laegri tekjuhopa voru auknar, til að vinna gegn aukningu fataektar. Hið sama var gert við skattbyrði heimila, þ.e. byrðin var faerð fra tekjulaegri heimilum til þeirra tekjuhaerri og til fyrirtaekja. I kjarasamningum voru lagmarkslaun haekkuð serstaklega. Þa var serstakur auðlegðarskattur lagður a folk með miklar hreinar eignir. Loks var beitt urraeðum til að letta skuldabyrði heimila og beindust þaer aðgerðir einnig meira að milli- og laegri tekjuhopum. Lifskjorin jofnuðust mikið i kjolfar hrunsins, meðal annars vegna ahrifa af þessari endurdreifingarstefnu." @default.
• W968301103 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W968301103 date "2014-01-01" @default.
• W968301103 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W968301103 title "Hrunið og árangur endurreisnarinnar" @default.
• W968301103 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
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