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W968536461 abstract "Publisher Summary This chapter summarizes the researches and discoveries of different antineoplastic agents regarding the treatment of cancer. Several naturally occurring compounds or their derivatives have received considerable attention in recent years because of their clinical potential. Some structural requirements for another class of naturally occurring antineoplastics, the quassinoids, have been studied, and it has been determined that the epoxymethano bridge and C-1 and C-12 hydroxyls are necessary for biological activity. Adriamycin has continued to be the dominant force in the expanding use of chemotherapeutic agents. Its wide spectrum of activity coupled with its dose-limiting cardiac toxicity continues to stimulate the search for structurally modified agents with improved biological profiles. The 14-diethoxyacetoxy derivative of daunorubicin also showed superior antitumor activity with a greater than two-fold increase in therapeutic index. High dose methotrexate (MTX) followed by folinic acid rescue has found application in a wide variety of tumors. Thymidine (TdR) has also recently been reported to be effective as a rescue agent for high dose MTX. Gallium nitrate, a heavy metal compound active in animal tumor systems and shown to be nonmyelosuppressive, has provided responses in initial clinical studies in Hodgkin's disease lymphoma, ovarian cancer, and osteogenic sarcoma. Aspirin and Indomethacin, inhibitors of PG biosynthesis, have been reported to inhibit the growth of a 3-methylcholanthrene (Meth A)-induced fibrosarcoma. Another inhibitor, Flurbiprofen, enhanced the activity of chlorambucil on a chemo-resistant line of Walker tumor. The most widely studied method of reducing toxicity of antitumor agents has continued to be encapsulation in liposomes. The mechanism of drug toxicity reduction and pharmacokinetics of liposome encapsulated drugs has been reviewed in this chapter. A great deal of research has continued toward the goal of inhibiting carcinogenesis." @default.
W968536461 created "2016-06-24" @default.
W968536461 creator A5010720965 @default.
W968536461 date "1979-01-01" @default.
W968536461 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
W968536461 title "Chapter 14 Antineoplastic Agents" @default.
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