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• W969242138 abstract "Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is the most important dryland cereal crop grown for food, feed and fodder in India. The grain-purpose types are grown during both the rainy (kharif, about 3.0 million ha) and the postrainy seasons (rabi, about 4.2 million ha). In addition to these, forage and dual-purpose (grain and fodder) type of sorghum are cultivated mainly in the north-western, central and also other parts of the country. Sorghum is usually grown on marginal lands with low fertility, no or limited irrigation and with high levels of biotic and abiotic yield limiting factors. Under such conditions, farmers rely mostly on in-built resistance and yield stability of the cultivar. Assessment of stability and adaptability of a genotype to varied environments is useful for identifying and recommending varieties for known conditions of cultivation and is a requirement in breeding programmes. Stability of trait expression can be understood by partitioning the genotype × environment (G × E) interaction into linear trends and a departure from linear called residual (Eberhart and Russell 1966). The present study was carried out to evaluate a set of dual-purpose sorghum genotypes for their grain and fodder yield stability across kharif sorghum growing regions, and to identify stable and highly adaptable genotypes for wider cultivation. Nine newly bred varieties and a hybrid contributed by different coordinating centres under All India Coordinated Sorghum Improvement Project (AICSIP) were evaluated along with standard varietal (CSV 15 and HC 308) and hybrid checks (CSH 16) in a randomized block design with three replications at seven locations (Coimbatore, Palem, Deesa, Udaipur, Pantnagar, Mauranipur and Ranchi) during rainy season of 2006. Each plot consisted of six rows of 6.75 m length at spacing of 45 cm between the rows and plants spaced at 15 cm within a row. All the recommended package of practices were followed for raising a good crop. Observations were recorded for days to flower, days to maturity, plant height (cm), biomass (kg/ha), grain yield (kg/ ha) and fodder (stover) yield (kg/ha) at each location. Ten randomly selected plants from each replication were used to record days to flower, days to maturity and plant height while grain and fodder yields were recorded on net plot (four rows) basis. The stability parameters, viz mean, regression coefficient (bi) and deviation from regression (Sdi) were calculated as per the model proposed by Eberhart and Russell (1966). The phenotypic index (Pi) of each genotype, which greatly facilitates identification of poor (negative Pi) and highly potential (positive Pi) genotypes, was expressed as deviation of genotypic mean (pooled over locations) from the population mean (Sharma 1998). Pooled analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the genotypes and environments for all the characters indicating the presence of variability among the genotypes and environments (Table 1). The G × E interaction was significant for plant height, biomass and fodder yields. Presence of significant G × E interaction for different traits in sorghum was also reported by Burli et al. (2004), Khandelwal et al. (2005) and Prabhakar et al. (2010). The environment-linear component showed highly significant variances for all the traits signifying unit changes in environmental index for each unit change in environmental conditions. The G × E (linear) mean square was significant for plant height, biomass and fodder yields implying thereby differential performance of genotypes under diverse environments but with varying reaction norms or in other words the linear sensitivity of different genotypes is variable. Significant G × E (linear) as well as pooled deviation mean squares for these traits indicate the presence of both predictable and non-predictable components. Similarly, the linear component of variance was higher than the non-linear component for most of the characters. Similar results were *short note 1,2,3Senior Scientist (email: umakanth@sorghum.res.in, bhatv@sorghum.res.in, hari@sorghum.res.in); 4Technical Officer (email: ramana@sorghum.res.in)" @default.
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• W969242138 date "2012-01-01" @default.
• W969242138 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W969242138 title "Stability of yield and related traits in dual-purpose sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) across locations*" @default.
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