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- W97563417 abstract "Publisher Summary In mammalian cells, the response to external signals can be propagated to the nucleus by several basic mechanisms. In one case, molecules such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and growth factors activate cell surface receptors leading to changes in second messengers, which eventually influence the level and/or activity of transcription factors. One well-characterized transcription factor is the cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB), which recognizes cAMP response elements (CREs) in the promotor or enhancer regions of inducible genes. Another mechanism to transducer an external signal to nucleus is via steroid hormone receptors. The binding of these hormones to their receptors causes a conformational change of the proteins, which allows them to recognize hormone response elements (HREs) in the DNA sequence of inducible genes. This chapter explains these mechanisms through model gene tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT), a gluconeogenic enzyme switched on in the parenchymal cells of the liver shortly after birth. The chapter explores enhancer elements in the gluconeogenic enzyme gene TAT through genetic and molecular approaches. It describes a set of transcription factors that govern its tissue-specific expression and the hormonal regulation of the gene. Transgenic experiments explained in this chapter confirm in vivo requirement for specific enhancer elements for perinatal activation of TAT gene. The knockout experiments have revealed that unique enhancer sequences such as a CRE or a GRE are responsive to more than one transcription factor." @default.
- W97563417 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W97563417 date "1995-01-01" @default.
- W97563417 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W97563417 title "Molecular Genetic Analysis of cAMP and Glucocorticoid Signaling in Development" @default.
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- W97563417 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-571150-0.50009-3" @default.
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