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- W977734465 abstract "Living organisms cease to exist once they stop working. All biological activity depends upon continual transfers, and transformations of energy, without which any natural living system almost immediately disintegrates irreversibly. Directly or indirectly the source of all energy for life, is the sun, which continually emits radiant energy into space. This chapter discusses the energetics of marine ecosystem, where the incoming energy is received largely at wavelengths within the visible spectrum. Small amount, probably only about 1%–2% of the light energy reaching the earth's surface, enters pathways beginning with the absorption of sunlight by plants in photosynthesis. In this process radiant energy is transformed to chemical energy by an energy-fixing reduction of carbon dioxide. This energy is then available in biological processes, for when 1 mole of glucose is oxidized in respiration, 673 kcal (2826.6 kJ) of energy is released. Measurements of primary production in the western English Channel were made around two decades ago using the carbon-14 method. Food ingested by the planktonic herbivores is not fully digested and absorbed but passes through the gut, and is egested, contributing to the fall of organic debris to the sea floor. From a total energy fixation of approximately 1500 kcal m-2·yr-1, the energy content of the annual crop taken by fisheries in the English Channel has been only about 1.7 kcal·m-2·yr-1, which is only a little over 0.1%." @default.
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- W977734465 date "1998-01-01" @default.
- W977734465 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W977734465 title "Energetics of a marine ecosystem" @default.
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- W977734465 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-075062088-8/50007-x" @default.
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