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- W982356666 abstract "Publisher Summary This chapter discusses new approaches to investigate the role of nuclear and chromatin structure in the effects of ionizing radiation on mammalian cells. The nucleus of eukaryotic cells is the critical organelle in which interactions with ionizing radiation result in reproductive cell death. The first level of higher-order organization of DNA in chromatin is the nucleosome. Each nucleosome contains two molecules each of the four core histones that form a disk around which is wrapped ∼ 146 base pairs (bp) of DNA. Each nucleosome is separated from its neighbor by approximately 54 bp of “linker” DNA making the nucleosome repeat unit equal to ∼ 200 bp. Packaging of DNA into nucleosomes results in a fiber of approximately 11 nm in diameter. In the next level of organization, polynucleosomes are packaged into a solenoidal array of highly condensed DNA, partly because of the interaction of histone HI with the internucleosomal or “linker” DNA and nucleosome core particles. The chapter presents a study wherein effects of radiation on nucleoid sedimentation behavior were studied with two approaches: first, alterations in the ethidium bromide response were studied as a function of dose; second, alterations in the sedimentation distance were investigated. The sedimentation technique can detect changes in nucleoids induced by heat shock or by radiation with great sensitivity. However, the interpretation of what these changes mean in terms of DNA supercoiling is compromised by the absence of independent nucleoid sedimentation and varying amounts of protein co-sedimenting with the nucleoid." @default.
- W982356666 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W982356666 date "1993-01-01" @default.
- W982356666 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W982356666 title "DNA Loop Structure and Radiation Response" @default.
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- W982356666 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-035417-7.50008-8" @default.
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