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- W99371296 abstract "Many studies have shown that language comprehension can activate embodied representations. Whether these studies have shown that embodiment is a necessary and sufficient condition for language comprehension, or whether embodiment can be a matter of depth of processing is a question that has not been answered. Three experiments examined how iconicity and semanticity affected reaction times. Following Zwaan and Yaxley (2003) word pairs were presented simultaneously, one above the other in either an iconic (branch above root) or reverse-iconic (root above branch) presentation (Experiment 1 and 2) or next to each other (Experiment 3). Half of the materials had a strong semantic relation, the other half a weak semantic relation, measured by word associations. Following Zwaan and Yaxley’s (2003) study, a semantic judgment task yielded differences in RT for iconicity and semanticity. However, a (shallow) lexical decision task yielded the same differences for semanticity but not for iconicity. Horizontal presentation of the items again yielded semanticity but not iconicity differences. Moreover, in all experiments medium to large effect sizes were obtained for semanticity, and negligible effect sizes for iconicity. These findings suggest that embodied information like iconicity only receives enough activation when language is processed deeply." @default.
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- W99371296 date "2008-01-01" @default.
- W99371296 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W99371296 title "How fundamental is embodiment to language comprehension? Constraints on embodied cognition" @default.
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