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• W99757445 abstract "Since World War II, much effort has gone into defining This effort has even given rise to is sometimes called theory, which can be traced to Sherman Kent's desire to see programmatically examined, addressed, and subsumed by mainstream social science tradition. During World War II Kent served in Bureau of Analysis and Estimates of US Office of Strategic Services, and later headed Office of National Estimates of US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Virtually all theory could be considered a footnote to Kent. His conviction that should be a broad-based analytical discipline is embodied in his maxim is knowledge, which has set precedent for subsequent debate. Since Kent's day, many alternative approaches to have been suggested by a succession of authors. In his 1996 Intelligence Power in Peace and War, British scholar and former officer Michael Herman tried to present range of conceptualizations of as a spectrum, ranging from broad definitions that approach primarily as (typified by Kent's view) to narrow interpretations that focus on collection, particularly covert collection. Herman notes in passing that broader interpretations tend to be favored by US writers and narrow approaches by British. Herman does not pursue, however, is fundamental difference this matter of definition effects in British and US approaches to and how those conceptual differences have been reflected in their respective institutions and in legislation. It is entirely possible that by asking what is intelligence? we may be barking up wrong intell ectual tree. The real questions should perhaps be How do different countries and institutions define intelligence? and What are consequences of those different definitions? A Study in Contrast Conceptual divergences in concept of are particularly worth keeping in mind when comparing Britain and United States. The 1995 US Congressional Aspin/Brown Commission examined British national machinery. Likewise, one of first actions of British Parliamentary Intelligence and Security Committee after its creation under 1994 Intelligence Services Act was a similar evaluation of US methodologies. Neither side found anything to incorporate from other's methods, and yet neither seemed to detect that they were talking--and hence thinking--about entirely different things when they were talking about intelligence. To a large degree, transatlantic dialogue on subject of has tended to be conducted at cross-purposes. In current usage, in US parlance tends to refer to finished that has been put through all-source analysis process and turned into a product that can provide advice and options for decision makers. Perhaps classic US definition comes from a past edition of Dictionary of United States Military Terms for Joint Usage, which states that is the product resulting from collection, evaluation, analysis, integration, and interpretation of all available information which concerns one or more as pects of foreign nations or areas of operation which is immediately or potentially significant for planning. This definition includes collection of raw information, but end result does not become intelligence as such until it has been thoroughly analyzed. Hence, in US context, production means analytical production. This very broad sense of term was used as far back as 1949 when Kent argued that consists of three substantive elements: first, descriptive background; second, reportorial current information and threats, most important complicated element of strategic intelligence; and third, substantive-evaluative analytical process of evaluation and extrapolation. …" @default.
• W99757445 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W99757445 date "2002-09-22" @default.
• W99757445 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W99757445 title "Ideas of Intelligence: Divergent National Concepts and Institutions. (Intelligence)" @default.
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